Compare New Caledonia (2007) - Montserrat (2006)

Compare New Caledonia (2007) z Montserrat (2006)

	New Caledonia (2007)	Montserrat (2006)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Province des Iles, Province Nord, and Province Sud	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter
Age structure	0-14 years: 27.9% (male 31,578/female 30,270) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 72,821/female 72,109) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 7,047/female 8,118) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 23.3% (male 1,125/female 1,079) 15-64 years: 65.7% (male 2,957/female 3,245) 65 years and over: 10.9% (male 532/female 501) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products
Airports	25 (2007)	2 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 12 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 6 (2007)	-
Area	total: 19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence.	English and Irish colonists from St. Kitts first settled on Montserrat in 1632; the first African slaves arrived three decades later. The British and French fought for possesion of the island for most of the 18th century, but it finally was confirmed as a British possession in 1783. The island's sugar plantation economy was converted to small farm landholdings in the mid 19th century. Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995. Montserrat has endured volcanic activity since, with the last eruption occurring in July 2003.
Birth rate	17.75 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	17.59 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $996 million expenditures: $1.072 billion (2001 est.)	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million; including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.)
Capital	name: Noumea geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Plymouth geographic coordinates: 16 44 N, 62 14 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) note: Plymouth was abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	2,254 km	40 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	effective 19 December 1989
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat
Death rate	5.72 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$79 million (1998 est.)	$8.9 million (1997)
Dependency status	territorial collectivity of France since 1998	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu	none
Economic aid - recipient	$524.3 million annual subsidy from France (2004)	Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance (2002 est.)
Economy - overview	New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than 15% of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcanic activity and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.
Electricity - consumption	1.403 billion kWh (2005)	1.86 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	1.508 billion kWh (2005)	2 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: lava dome in English's Crater (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) estimated at over 930 m (2006)
Environment - current issues	erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation
Ethnic groups	Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%	black, white
Exchange rates	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 95.025 (2006), 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003), 126.71 (2002)	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001) note: fixed rate since 1976
Executive branch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Commissioner Yves DASSONVILLE (since 9 November 2007) head of government: President of the Government Harold MARTIN (since 7 August 2007) cabinet: Cabinet consisting of 11 members elected from and by the Territorial Congress elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 7 August 2007 when Harold MARTIN was elected following the resignation of Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU as president on 24 July 2007 (next to be held in 2012)	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Deborah BARNES-JONES (since 10 May 2004) head of government: Chief Minister Lowell LEWIS (since 2 June 2006) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	ferronickels, nickel ore, fish	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel; hot peppers, limes, live plants; cattle
Exports - partners	Japan 17.8%, Taiwan 14.9%, France 13.7%, China 11.1%, Spain 9.7%, Belgium 7.5%, Italy 6.2%, Australia 4.7% (2006)	US, Antigua and Barbuda (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 15% industry: 8.8% services: 76.2% (2003)	agriculture: 5.4% industry: 13.6% services: 81% (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-1% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 30 S, 165 30 E	16 45 N, 62 12 W
Geography - note	consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and comprised of three major volcanic centers of differing ages
Heliports	6 (2007)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials
Imports - partners	France 38.9%, Singapore 15.3%, Australia 11.4%, NZ 4.8% (2006)	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	-0.6% (1996)	NA%
Industries	nickel mining and smelting	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 7.19 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.35 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.4% (2000 est.)	2.6% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ITUC, PIF (observer), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO	Caricom, CDB, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU
Irrigated land	100 sq km (2003)	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)
Labor force	78,990 (2004)	4,521 note: lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2002)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.32% permanent crops: 0.22% other: 99.46% (2005)	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2005)
Languages	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects	English
Legal system	based on French civil law; the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands	English common law and statutory law
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres du territoire (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3 note: New Caledonia currently holds one seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects two seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 10 and 17 June 2007 (next to be held on June 2012); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held 31 May 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - MCAP 36.1%, NPLM 29.4%, MDP 24.4%, independents 10.1%; seats by party - MCAP 4, NPLM 3, MDP 1, independents 1 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.5 years male: 71.52 years female: 77.63 years (2007 est.)	total population: 78.85 years male: 76.67 years female: 81.14 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.2% male: 96.8% female: 95.5% (1996 census)	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)
Location	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references	Oceania	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force	no regular military forces; Royal Montserrat Police Force (2005)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)
Nationality	noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian
Natural hazards	cyclones, most frequent from November to March	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)
Natural resources	nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper	NEGL
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2007 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independence) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]	Montserrat Democratic Party or MDP [Lowell LEWIS]; Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Roselyn CASSELL-SEALY]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	221,943 (July 2007 est.)	9,439 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.203% (2007 est.)	1.05% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.043 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.868 male(s)/female total population: 1.009 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.06 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: modern and fully digitalized domestic: NA international: country code - 1-664
Telephones - main lines in use	55,300 (2005)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	134,300 (2005)	70 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	6 (plus 25 repeaters) (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	coastal plains with interior mountains	volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland
Total fertility rate	2.25 children born/woman (2007 est.)	1.77 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	17.1% (2004)	6% (1998 est.)

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